Digital surface model DSM

A Digital Surface Model (DSM) is a digital representation of the Earth's surface that includes all features above the ground such as buildings, vegetation, and other objects. It represents the height of objects and terrain above a reference level, usually the mean sea level or a local datum.

DSMs are typically generated from data collected by remote sensing techniques such as aerial photography, satellite imagery, or airborne Lidar (Light Detection and Ranging) systems. These technologies capture high-resolution images of the Earth's surface, which are then processed to create a three-dimensional model of the terrain and the objects above it.

DSMs are widely used in applications such as urban planning, forestry, telecommunications, and aviation. For example, urban planners can use DSMs to analyze the height and density of buildings, vegetation, and other features to determine the best location for new developments. Foresters can use DSMs to monitor changes in forest cover and estimate the volume of timber. Telecommunications companies can use DSMs to plan the placement of cellular towers and other infrastructure. Aviation authorities can use DSMs to create accurate maps of airport runways and surrounding terrain, which are essential for safe takeoffs and landings.